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1. Discuss the importance of critical thinking in preparing for examinations.
2. Describe the importance of using national perianesthesia nursing standards of care to guide perianthesia nursing practice.
3. Evaluate the pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics of drugs used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
4. Examine the stages of general anesthesia induction and reversal.
5. Analyze the risks and benefits of regional anesthesia techniques.
6. Compare the needs of special patient populations in perianethesia care.
7. Relate the preoperative preparation process to the effects of anesthesia and surgery.
8. Prioritize Phase I care of the post-anesthetic patient.
9. List important discharge criteria for the Phase II post-operative patient.
10. Identify the appropriate treatment for common post-anesthetic emergencies.
11. Give examples of the common medications used to treat post-operative emergencies.
12. Explore advanced monitoring techniques used in the PACU.

• Critical Thinking & Test Taking Tips
• ASPAN Guidelines
• Perianesthesia Practice Recommendations
• Ethical Practice
• Medications for General Anesthesia
• Sedation Drugs
• Induction Agents
• Hypnotics
• Dissociative Agents
• Alpha-2 Agonists
• Inhalation Agents
• Opioids
• Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
• Reversal Agents
• Stages of General Anesthesia & Reversal
• Stage I - Anesthesia & Amnesia
• Stage II - Delirium/Excitation
• Stage III - Surgical Anesthesia
• Stage IV - Overdose
• Reversal of Anesthesia
• Pharmacodynamics of Local Anesthetic Agents
• Amide Agents
• Ester Agents
• Complications of Local Anesthetics
• Risks & Benefits of Regional Anesthesia
• Spinal Anesthesia
• Epidural Anesthesia
• Peripheral Nerve Blocks
• IV Blocks
• Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks
• Special Populations
• Pediatric Patients
• Geriatric Patients
• Pregnant Patients
• Obese Patients
• Diabetic Patients
• Asthmatic Patients
• Perioperative Preparation Process
• Pre-Admission Preparation
• Effects of Timing of Surgery on PAT Process
• Pre-Admission Testing
• Medical, Surgical, and Anesthetic History
• Medication Reconciliation
• Prescription Medications
• Herbal Preparations
• OTC Medications
• Preoperative Preparation
• Physical Assessment
• Procedural/Anesthetic Preparation
• Phase I Care of the Post-anesthetic Patient
• Admission Critical Elements
• Airway Management
• Physical Assessment
• Standard Monitoring Techniques
• Post-anesthetic Scoring Systems
• Phase I Discharge Criteria
• Phase II Care of the Postoperative Patient
• Physical Assessment
• Post-anesthesia Scoring
• Control of Pain
• Control of Nausea
• Patient/Family Teaching
• Transportation Concerns
• Legal Standards
• Post-anesthetic Emergencies
• Hypothermia
• Pain
• Respiratory Complications
• Cardiovascular Complications
• Emergence Disorders
• Fluid & Electrolyte Imbalances
• Malignant Hyperthermia
• Medications Used to Treat Emergencies
• Oxygen
• Cardiovascular Medications
• Respiratory Medications
• Sedatives
• Anesthetic Agents
• Advanced Monitoring in the PACU
• Arterial Line
• Pulmonary Artery Catheter
• Central Venous Pressure

Nancy McGushin has been a certified postanesthesia nurse (CPAN®) since 1994. She currently serves as the Perianesthesia Nurse Educator at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, where she provides unit-based education and competency training for colleagues in the Ambulatory Surgery Unit, Preoperative Holding and Postanesthesia Phases I (PACU) settings.

Nancy worked for fourteen years in inpatient PACU settings and for nine years in preanesthesia and postanesthesia care in a free-standing ambulatory surgery center. Her nursing career also includes experience in medical-surgical and neurosurgical critical care nursing, as well as staff development and nursing management.

She is an active member of the American Society of Perianesthesia Nurses (ASPAN), a member of the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN), and an affiliate member of the Ohio Nurses Association (ONA). Disclosures:

Financial: Nancy McGushin has an employment relationship with Grand Canyon University; The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; and Otterbein University. She receives a speaking honorarium from PESI, Inc.

Non-financial: Nancy McGushin is a member of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses (ASPAN); and Association of periOperative Registered Nurses.

Save time and $10 off the price of other submission methods – purchase & take the CE test online for $19.99 USD per participant. Additional processing fees apply for other submission methods (i.e. mail, fax, etc.). Please contact our Customer Service at 1-800-844-8260 for more details.

Listed below are the continuing education credit(s) currently available for this non-interactive self-study package. Please note, your state licensing board dictates whether self study is an acceptable form of continuing education. Please refer to your state rules and regulations.

Certificates of Successful Completion are available for email, download and/or printing from your online account immediately following the successful completion of the post-test/evaluation.

**Materials that are included in this course may include interventions and modalities that are beyond the authorized practice of mental health professionals. As a licensed professional, you are responsible for reviewing the scope of practice, including activities that are defined in law as beyond the boundaries of practice in accordance with and in compliance with your professions standards.

All members of the PESI, Inc. planning committee have provided disclosures of financial relationships with ineligible organizations and any relevant non-financial relationships prior to planning content for this activity. None of the committee members had relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies or other potentially biasing relationships to disclose to learners. For speaker disclosures, please see the faculty biography.

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Nurses/Nurse Practitioners/Clinical Nurse Specialists - Credit Expired: 3/27/2018
No CE available for this board.

California Nurses: PESI, Inc. is a provider approved by the California Board of Registered Nursing, Provider #:17118 for 12.5 self-study contact hours.

You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

Florida Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Florida Board of Nursing. Provider #: FBN2858. These materials qualify for 12.5 self-study contact hours.

Iowa Nurses: PESI, Inc. is an approved provider by the Iowa Board of Nursing. Provider #: 346. Nurses successfully completing these self-study materials will earn 15.2 self-study contact hours.

Copies of the evaluation may be sent to the IBON. You will need to provide your license number to PESI. PESI must have this number on file in order for your hours to be valid.

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Other Professions
This self-study activity qualifies for 12.5 clock hours of instructional content as required by many national, state and local licensing boards and professional organizations. Retain your certificate of completion and contact your board or organization for specific filing requirements.

Disclaimer: **Information obtained in this course should be used within your scope of practice.
**It is your ethical responsibility to report accurate hours to your licensing board.
**All self-study participants must complete and pass (80% or better) a post-test and evaluation prior to receiving a certificate of completion. If you require a copy of the test/evaluation for CE purposes, please print at the time you take the test. Or you may call our customer service department and a copy of your test/evaluation will be emailed to you. Please allow 30-45 days.

Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, Clinical Nurse Specialists, Surgery Technicians, Surgical First Assistants